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A backwater is a part of a river in which there is little or no current. It refers either to a branch of a main river, which lies alongside it and then rejoins it, or to a body of water in a main river, backed up by an obstruction such as the tide or a dam.

If a river has developed one or more alternative courses in its evolution, one channel is usually designated the main course and secondary channels may be termed backwaters. The main river course will usually have the fastest stream and will likely be the main navigation route, but backwaters may be more shallow and flow more slowly, if at all. This results in a more diverse environment of scientific interest and worthy of preservation. Backwaters also provide opportunities for leisure activities such as canoeing and fishing.

In this sense, the term is extended to apply to physical and social areas that have been bypassed. It may apply to places that have been neglected in economic development or in the expression a "cultural backwater".

When a section of a river is near the coast or another feature that sets its base level, the section influenced by the conditions at its mouth is termed a backwater. If a river flows into a lake or sea, it is the region in which the slope of the river decreases because the lower water flux permitted at the mouth causes the water to back up. Where the river outlet is strongly affected by tides, the cyclic change in base level changes the portion of the river that is a backwater. As a result, fresh and salt water may become mixed to form an estuarine environment.

</div> <div jsname="WJz9Hc" style="display:none">回水是一条河，其中有很少或没有电流的一部分。它是指无论是一个主要河流，它位​​于在它旁边的一个分支，然后重新加入，或以水在主河道主体，辅以障碍物，如潮水或坝。

如果一个河流已开发在其演进的一个或多个替代的课程，一个信道通常被指定主菜和副信道可以被称为回水。主河道通常拥有最快的数据流，并有可能成为主要的导航路线，但回水可能更浅，流动速度比较慢，如果在所有。这导致科学的兴趣，值得保存的更多样化的环境。回水也为休闲活动，如划独木舟和钓鱼的机会。

在这个意义上，该术语扩展到适用于该已经被绕过物质和社会领域。它可能适用于那些在经济发展还是在表达一种“文化死水”被忽视的地方。

当河流的部分是靠近海岸或其他功能，设置它的基础水平，在它的嘴受条件影响的部分被称为一潭死水。如果一个河流流入湖或海，它是在其中河流的斜率减小，因为在口中所允许的较低的水通量使水备份的区域。凡河出口的强烈影响潮汐，在基础层面的循环变化而变化这是一个回水河流的部分。其结果是，淡水和海水可能成为混合以形成河口环境。</div> <div class="show-more-end">

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